It’s that time of year again.. TIFF time. That means I obsessively comb through the selection and pick best bets about what to see. I update and re-arrange as new info becomes available. I’ll also add showtimes. Hope this helps you.

Oh,

1. No Galas will be added
2. Suggest anything I might have missed

This is: Update 1 (15 movies added)
Update 2 (3 movies removed; Midnight Madness, Vanguard, Docs, and Masters added)
Update 3 (3 new Canadian movies added; several movies with near release dates removed)
Update 4 (World Cinema movies added; new Special Presentations; three or four movies removed from bottom)
Update 5 (Showtimes added; final batch of announced films added)

TWO DAYS, ONE NIGHT — special presentation — trailer
dir: Luc Dardenne, Jean-Pierre Dardenne (Rosetta, Kid with a Bike) / Belgium, France / Canadian Premiere / 95min

A working-class mother (Marion Cotillard) fights to hold onto her job, in the new film from master filmmakers Jean-Pierre and Luc Dardenne.

why: Serial Cannes winners return with their first feature starring a major actor, Marion Cotillard, in a movie that critics at Cannes said is one of their all time best movies, coming from guys who make festival and critical favourites CONSTANTLY.
why not: No.

Tue, Sep 9 8:00pm Elgin/Winter Garden Theatres SUB
Wed, Sep 10 12:30pm TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 2 SUB

THE LOOK OF SILENCE — documentaries
dir: Joshua Oppenheimer (The Act of Killing) / Denmark/Indonesia/Norway/Finland/United Kingdom / Canadian Premiere / 102min

Joshua Oppenheimer’s follow-up to his extraordinary documentary The Act of Killing follows a family who, after viewing the previous film, discovered and confronted the former right-wing militiamen who murdered their son during Indonesia’s anti-communist purges of the mid-1960s.

why: The sequel to THE ACT OF KILLING, one of the most intense and inventive documentaries ever made. Unlike ACT, this one looks like someone actually edited it and only runs 102 minutes, rather than 40000000.
why not: Likely will require you to have already seen ACT to fully grasp the situation. Let’s be honest, this will be weaker than ACT, but I’m sure still insanely compelling and an integral part of this evolving story. Will be the most difficult doc ticket to get, hands down.

Tue, Sep 93:15pm TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 1 SUB
Wed, Sep 106:00pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 1 SUB
Sun, Sep 1412:30pm The Bloor Hot Docs Cinema SUB

WHAT WE DO IN THE SHADOWS — midnight madness — trailer
dir: Taika Waititi (Boy, Eagle vs Shark) and Jemaine Clement (Flight of the Conchords) / New Zealand/USA / Canadian Premiere / ??min

Taika Waititi (Boy, Eagle vs Shark) and Jemaine Clement (Flight of the Conchords) co-direct and star in this hilarious mockumentary about a trio of vampires living in a New Zealand suburb who struggle to adapt to life in the 21st century.

why: Fucking Jermaine from FotC. The Dissolve’s awesome Nathan Rabin said this movie “made me laugh more than any film in recent memory”. A good comedy is a blast to see with MM audience.
why not: Apparently has almost no story, but is instead just a bizarre mockumentary on the lives of vampires.

Fri, Sep 12 11:59pm Ryerson Ryerson Theatre
Sat, Sep 13 9:30pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 12
Sun, Sep 14 3:45pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 3

THE EDITOR — midnight madness — trailer
dir: Matthew Kennedy, Adam Brooks (Manborg) / Canada / World Premiere / 102min

A one-time (and now one-handed) master film editor toiling in the cinematic sweatshops of 1970s Italy becomes the prime suspect in a series of brutal murders, in this loving tribute to/parody of the gory giallo thrillers of Mario Bava and Dario Argento.

why: Sigh. First off, the directors behind Manborg are super awesome guys full of insane passion. Second, it’s about a film editor so I kind of have to go, and third, it’s a giallo tribute to Bava and Argento. Sign me the fuck up!
why not: No. Just no. There is no reason to not go. Midnight Madness is insane this year!

Thu, Sep 11 11:59pm Ryerson Ryerson Theatre
Fri, Sep 12 9:15am Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 3
Sat, Sep 13 6:15pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 4

THE VOICES — vanguard
dir: Marjane Satrapi (Persepolis, author) / USA, Germany / Canadian Premiere / 103min

An awkward young shipping clerk (Ryan Reynolds) goes off his strict regimen of antipsychotics — with horrifyingly hilarious results — in this deliciously twisted horror-comedy from acclaimed director and graphic novelist Marjane Satrapi (Persepolis, Chicken with Plums).

why: Apparently it’s utterly bizarre and darkly funny. Exactly my type of shit. Got lots of positive buzz at Sundance.
why not: Too weird for you?

Thu, Sep 11 9:00pm Ryerson Theatre PREMIUM
Fri, Sep 12 6:00pm The Bloor Hot Docs Cinema 

THE DUKE OF BURGUNDY — vanguard
dir: Peter Strickland (Berberian Sound Studio) / UK / World Premiere / ??min

British filmmaker Peter Strickland follows his eerie Festival hit Berberian Sound Studio with this dark melodrama about an amateur butterfly expert whose wayward desires test her lover’s tolerance.

why: Berberian Sound Studio was a huge fest hit, Strickland is an awesome director. Getting strong giallo-meets-Persona vibes from this concept. Likely to be very surreal, bold, and bizarre, while subdued. A challenging mix that he mostly pulled off last time.
why not: Wasn’t blown away by Berberian as others were but have been meaning to give it another shot.

 

Sat, Sep 6 10:00pm TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 1
Mon, Sep 8 3:15pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 12

IT FOLLOWS — midnight madness
dir: David Robert Mitchell (The Myth of the American Sleepover) / USA / NA Premiere / ??min

Stuck with a sexually transmitted serial haunting after a romantic night out, a beautiful nineteen-year-old girl finds herself pursued by a legion of malevolent, lumbering phantoms that will pursue her forever — unless she passes the curse on to someone else.

why: Strong reviews from Cannes as “chilling”. Refreshingly, it seems to be a horror movie that a. builds suspense rather than shock, and b. uses hauntings/murder as metaphor, in this case for STDs and sex.
why not: Apparently is fairly straightforward, so don’t expect Stephen King style exposition and explanations.

Sun, Sep 7 11:59pm Ryerson Ryerson Theatre 
Tue, Sep 9 4:00pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 9 

BIRD PEOPLE — contemporary world cinema — trailer
dir: Pascale Ferran (Lady Chatterley) / France / NA Premiere / 128min

Director Pascale Ferran’s (Lady Chatterley) whimsical fable about the magically crossing paths of a disgruntled American businessman and a daydreaming French hotel maid was a smash hit at this year’s Cannes

why: A lot of positive buzz from Cannes suggesting you go in blind, I only know that people have been saying “WTF” and it has “inventive lunacy” – sounds good enough for me.
why not: Too weird to handle?

Fri, Sep 55:45pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 1 SUB
Sun, Sep 78:30pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 1 SUB
Sat, Sep 138:30pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 3 SUB

THE TALE OF PRINCESS KAGUYA — masters — trailer
dir: Isao Takahata (Grave of the Fireflies) / Japan / NA Premiere / 137min

Found inside a shining stalk of bamboo, a tiny girl grows into an exquisite young lady, raised by an old bamboo cutter and his wife. From the countryside to the grand capital city, even unseen she enthralls all who encounter her, including five noble suitors. Ultimately she must face her fate, the punishment for her crime. Based on the classic Japanese folktale, The Tale of The Bamboo Cutter, The Tale of The Princess Kaguya is the newest film from Studio Ghibli and the strikingly beautiful culmination of decades of contemplation by its director, Studio Ghibli co-founder Isao Takahata. Starring Aki Asakura, Kengo Kora, Takeo Chii and Nobuko Miyamoto.

why: One of the supposed final films of Studio Ghibli. Came out last year in Japan to lots of praise. LOOK AT THAT ART STYLE!
why not: Heavily indebted to Japanese folklore, so if that ain’t your thing…

Fri, Sep 5 4:15pm Elgin/Winter Garden Theatres Winter Garden Theatre SUB
Sat, Sep 6 9:00am TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 3 SUB
Sun, Sep 14 3:15pm TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 2 SUB

WINTER SLEEP — masters — trailer
dir: Nuri Bilge Ceylan (Once Upon a Time in Anatolia) / Turkey/France/Germany / NA Premiere / 196min

Aydin, a former actor, runs a small hotel in Central Anatolia with his young wife Nihal, with whom he has a stormy relationship, and his sister Necla who is suffering from her recent divorce. In winter as the snow begins to fall, the hotel turns into a shelter but also an inescapable place that fuels their animosities.

why: Won the Palme d’Or at Cannes this year.
why not: Long as fuck and if you’ve see any of Ceylan’s movies you’ll know that he is really really slow and dry. I don’t even blame people who can’t watch his stuff.

Fri, Sep 5 3:00pm TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 1 SUB
Sun, Sep 14 9:00pm TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 4 – Paul & Leah Atkinson Family Cinema SUB

GOODBYE TO LANGUAGE — masters — trailer (nsfw)
dir: Jean-Luc Godard (Breathless, Film Socialisme) / France / NA Premiere / ??min

The idea is simple: A married woman and a single man meet. They love, they argue, fists fly. A dog strays between town and country. The seasons pass. The man and woman meet again. The dog finds itself between them. The other is in one, the one is in the other and they are three. The former husband shatters everything. A second film begins: the same as the first, and yet not. From the human race we pass to metaphor. This ends in barking and a baby’s cries. In the meantime, we will have seen people talking of the demise of the dollar, of truth in mathematics and of the death of a robin.

why: Legend Jean-Luc Godard goes 3D. One of my favourite critics, Mike D’Angelo is a major 3D hater but still calls this “revolutionary”, saying “It’s not often that a movie offers something I’ve literally never seen before, and while I’m skeptical that this heralds any new direction for cinema, it’s at least pretty damn cool.” You’ll also likely never get another chance to see it elsewhere.
why not: Apparently it’s extremely abstract even by festival arthouse standards. Godard has been weird and irritating since the late 60s.

Wed, Sep 10 6:00pm Ryerson Ryerson Theatre 3D, SUB
Fri, Sep 12 9:00am TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 1 3D, SUB
Sun, Sep 14 9:15pm TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 2 3D, SUB

PASOLINI — special presentation
dir: Abel Ferrera (Bad Lieutenant, Ms. 45, 9 Lives of a Wet Pussy) / France/Italy/Belgium / Canadian Premiere / ??min

Willem Dafoe uncannily embodies the legendary Italian filmmaker, poet and novelist Pier Paolo Pasolini in this biopic from controversial director Abel Ferrara (Bad Lieutenant, Go Go Tales).

why: One of the most fascinating, controversial filmmakers who ever lived being chronicled by one of the most fascinating, controversial filmmakers who ever lived; I’ve been waiting for this movie for a while; Willem Dafoe seems to nail it just from that image.
why not: If you don’t know/care who Pasolini is then your interest in this film may vary, but I’m sure it’ll be fucked up.

Mon, Sep 8 9:00pm TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 1 SUB
Wed, Sep 10 9:00pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 1 SUB
Fri, Sep 12 4:45pm TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 1 SUB

MAGGIE — special presentation
dir: Henry Hobson (debut) / USA / World Premiere / 95min

A Midwestern farmer (Arnold Schwarzenegger) stays by the side of his beloved teenage daughter (Abigail Breslin) even as she slowly turns into a cannibalistic zombie, in this audacious, genre-bending debut feature from director Henry Hobson.

why: Utterly bizarre and unexpected. Old Ahnuld starring in an indie thriller as a farmer who presumably… kicks zero asses? Da fuck?! A little late for career reinvention? Picking this one solely based on the novelty of both the concept and the casting.
why not: Director is a title designer – means he’ll likely have a good eye but who knows about his storytelling abilities. Could be a hilarious bomb, could be a sleeper hit. We shall see.

Fri, Sep 12 10:00pm Princess of Wales
Sat, Sep 13 6:00pm Elgin/Winter Garden Theatres Visa Screening Room (Elgin)
Sun, Sep 14 9:45pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 1

MANGLEHORN — special presentation
dir: David Gordon Green (Joe, George Washington, Pineapple Express) / USA / NA Premiere / 97min

Haunted by the memory of the woman he loved and lost forty years ago, an ex-con (Al Pacino) tries to hide his past and start his life over as a small-town locksmith, in the new film from David Gordon Green (George Washington, All the Real Girls).

why: Green is an amazing director and able to pull unbelievable performances out of actors; a strong chance of a now rare-sighting: a great Pacino performance
why not: I don’t know why not. Lets see what the other fests say.

Sat, Sep 6 4:45pm Elgin/Winter Garden Theatres PREMIUM
Sun, Sep 7 11:00am Elgin/Winter Garden Theatres 
Sat, Sep 13 2:30pm Elgin/Winter Garden Theatres Visa Screening Room (Elgin)

TUSK — midnight madness — trailer
dir: Kevin Smith (Clerks, Red State) / USA / World Premiere / 102min

Kevin Smith brings his comedic chops to a disturbing new milieu in this Canuck-baiting chiller about a popular podcast host who descends into straight-up madness when he heads north of the 49th parallel.

why: WILL have the best Q&A of the festival. Guaranteed. Kevin Smith applies his Red State chops to a Canadian based horror film with a ludicrous concept that he promises “goes all the way”. Has easily the best cinematography/production value of his career leading me to believe maybe Smith is finally becoming a filmmaker?
why not: Kevin Smith has always sucked, really really bad. However, this is the first time I’ve ever been willing to go out on a limb and give his movie a chance.

Sat, Sep 6 11:59pm Ryerson Ryerson Theatre PREMIUM
Sun, Sep 7 9:45pm The Bloor Hot Docs Cinema The Bloor Hot Docs Cinema
Fri, Sep 12 3:45pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 1

THE KINGDOM OF DREAMS AND MADNESS — doc
dir: Mami Sunada / Japan / NA Premiere / 118min

Granted unfettered access to the notoriously insular Studio Ghibli, director Mami Sunada follows the three men who are the lifeblood of one of the world’s most celebrated animation studios — the eminent director Hayao Miyazaki, the producer Toshio Suzuki, and the elusive and influential “other director” Isao Takahata, as they rush to complete production of Miyazaki’s The Wind Rises and Takahata’s The Tale of The Princess Kaguya

why: Behind the scenes of the legendary animation house.
why not: Maybe you don’t care about Ghibli? Maybe you should go to hell!

Mon, Sep 8 5:30pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 2 SUB
Wed, Sep 10 9:15am TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 2 SUB
Sun, Sep 14 12:00pm TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 2 SUB

CLOUDS OF SIL MARIA — special presentation — trailer
dir: Olivier Assayas (Something in the Air, Irma Vep) / France/USA / NA Premiere / 124min

A veteran stage star (Juliette Binoche) turns to her assistant (Kristen Stewart) for solace as she jousts with an arrogant younger actress (Chloë Grace Moretz), in the brilliant new film from French auteur Olivier Assayas (Summer Hours, Something in the Air).

why: Competed at Cannes with strong reviews, particularly pointing out the much (unfairly) maligned Kristen Stewart.
why not: Meta-showbiz drama/satire – might want to go bigger with Cronenberg’s latest.

Thu, Sep 4 9:45pm Princess of Wales Princess of Wales
Fri, Sep 5 9:30am TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 1

TU DORS NICOLE (YOU’RE SLEEPING NICOLE) — contemporary world cinema — trailer
dir: Stéphane Lafleur (editor of Monsieur Lazhar) / Canada / NA Premiere / 93min

Making the most of the family home while her parents are away, 22-year-old Nicole is enjoying a peaceful summer with her best friend, Véronique. When Nicole’s older brother shows up with his band to record an album, their vacation takes an unexpected turn and the girls’ friendship is put to the test. Amidst a rising heat wave, Nicole’s insomnia — and romantic misadventures — mount each day. Tu dors Nicole takes a humorous look at the beginning of adulthood and all its possibilities.

why: Strong response from it’s debut at Cannes. I want to see it just because of this cool poster.
why not: A lightweight French talkie drama. If you’re not into that? Looks like some Alexander Payne meets Linklater or something.

Tue, Sep 9 6:30pm TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 2 SUB
Thu, Sep 11 4:45pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 4 SUB

FORCE MAJEURE — special presentations
dir: Ruben Östlund / Sweden/Norway/Denmark/France / NA Premiere / 118min

An impulsive decision in a moment of crisis drives a wedge between a husband and wife, in this gripping moral drama from provocative director Ruben Östlund (Play) that became a word-of-mouth sensation at this year’s Cannes.

why: Un Certain Regard winner at Cannes; typically weighty moral choice drama.
why not: Slow obscure foreign drama, might not be a draw for everyone.

Fri, Sep 5 7:00pm TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 1 SUB
Sat, Sep 6 9:30am TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 1 SUB

THE COBBLER — special presentation
dir: Thomas McCarthy (Win Win) / USA / World Premiere / 99min

A lonely NYC shoe repairman (Adam Sandler) discovers a magical heirloom that allows him to “walk in another man’s shoes,” in this charming fantasy co-starring Dustin Hoffman, Steve Buscemi and Ellen Barkin.

why: Rare chance to see Sandler do something more than middle-aged fart jokes; McCarthy’s WIN WIN earned him a good reputation.
why not: Will it fall on the side of earnest-serious Sandler, or whimsical-sappy Sandler?

Thu, Sep 11 9:00pm Elgin/Winter Garden Theatres Visa Screening Room (Elgin) PREMIUM
Fri, Sep 12 9:45am Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 1

ROSEWATER — special presentation
dir: Jon Stewart (Daily Show, directorial debut) / USA / International Premiere / ??min

The Daily Show’s Jon Stewart makes his directorial debut with the true story of Iranian-Canadian journalist Maziar Bahari (played by Gael García Bernal), whose appearance on Stewart’s show in 2009 precipitated his five-month imprisonment by the Iranian government.

why: Jon Stewart made a movie. And it’s not a doc, well, not exactly.
why not: Who says Jon Stewart knows how to make a movie?

Mon, Sep 8 6:30pm Princess of Wales Princess of Wales PREMIUM
Tue, Sep 9 12:30pm Elgin/Winter Garden Theatres

RED ROSE — contemporary world cinema
dir: Sepideh Farsi / France/Greece/Iran / World Premiere / 87min

A politically complacent middle-aged man and a young pro-democracy activist debate about the future of their country while hiding from the police, in this fascinating drama that blends scripted scenes with on-the-ground footage from Iran’s 2009 Green Revolution.

why: Compelling concept and merging of fact and fiction.
why not: Too political?

NO SHOWTIMES YET??

WHILE WE’RE STILL YOUNG — special presentation
dir: Noah Baumbach (Frances Ha, Squid and the Whale) / USA / World Premiere / 94min

A frustrated middle-aged filmmaker and his wife (Ben Stiller and Naomi Watts) become enamoured of a young hipster artist couple (Amanda Seyfried and Adam Driver) in writer-director Noah Baumbach’s eagerly anticipated follow-up to the Festival hit Frances Ha.

why: Frances Ha was one of my top 5 movies last year, and was completely unexpected. Will watch anything of his now. Also is a lean 94 minutes.
why not: If you hate mumblecore and ‘hipster’ aesthetic and characters, you’ll surely claw your eyes out.

Sat, Sep 6 7:00pm Princess of Wales PREMIUM
Sun, Sep 7 12:30pm Roy Thomson Hall
Thu, Sep 11 11:30am Elgin/Winter Garden Theatres Visa Screening Room (Elgin)

MR. TURNER — special presentation — trailer
dir: Mike Leigh (Naked, Topsy-Turvy, Happy Go Lucky) / UK / Canadian Premiere / 149min

Timothy Spall won the Best Actor prize at Cannes for his magnificent performance as J.M.W. Turner, in Mike Leigh’s gorgeously rendered biopic of the famed British landscape painter.

why: Spall won Best Actor at Cannes; very positive reaction out of Cannes
why not: may be literally like watching paint dry – cause it’s about a painter, get it?! 

Mon, Sep 8 5:45pm Elgin/Winter Garden Theatres Visa Screening Room (Elgin)
Tue, Sep 9 9:00am TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 2

RED ARMY — documentaries — trailer
dir: Gabe Polsky / USA/Russia / Canadian Premiere / 85min

Red Army follows the most successful dynasty in sports history: the Soviet Union’s Red Army hockey team of the 1980s. Told from the perspective of its captain Slava Fetisov, the story portrays his transformation from national hero to political enemy. From the USSR to Russia, the film examines how sport mirrors social and cultural movements, and parallels the rise and fall of the Red Army team with the Soviet Union. An inspiring story about the Cold War played out on the ice rink, and the man who stood up to a powerful system and paved the way for change for generations of Russians.

why: Big hit at Cannes; I love Soviet history; I love propaganda wars
why not: Eh, hockey..; talking heads doc

Tue, Sep 9 6:00pm Ryerson Ryerson Theatre SUB
Wed, Sep 10 11:45am The Bloor Hot Docs Cinema SUB

MOMMY — special presentations — trailer
dir: Xavier Dolan (Heartbeats, Laurence Anyways) / Canada / TO Premiere / 134min

In a fictional Canada, where a new law allows distressed parents to abandon troubled children to the hospital system, Die Despres, a feisty widow, tries to cope with Steve, her wild yet charming ADHD son. While they both try to make ends meet and live under the same roof, Kyla, their mysterious neighbour, offers her help. As Kyla’s heartwarming presence becomes increasingly intense, questions emerge about her own mysterious life, and the way her destiny may ultimately be linked to that of Steve and Die.

why: Shared Jury Prize (best director) at Cannes with none other than Jean-Luc Godard – not bad for a 25 year old director!
why not: Don’t let that header image fool you – this is shot in 1:1 ratio (see trailer) for some annoying reason. Also synopsis sounds pretty obnoxious, but that’s just me.

Tue, Sep 9 9:30pm Princess of Wales SUB
Wed, Sep 10 12:00pm TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 1 SUB

THE PROPHET — special presentation
dir: various / Canada/France/Lebanon/Qatar/USA / Wrold Premiere / 84min

Director Roger Allers (The Lion King) assembled an array of internationally acclaimed animators to realize episodes from the classic text by the renowned Lebanese poet, which are woven into the tale of a mischievous young girl (voiced by Beasts of the Southern Wild’s Quvenzhané Wallis) who attempts to free an imprisoned poet (Liam Neeson).

why: Director of Lion King; beautiful animation; variety of styles; poetry
why not: these types of experiments are interesting and exciting, but almost guaranteed to be uneven.

Sat, Sep 6 3:00pm Ryerson Theatre
Wed, Sep 10 2:15pm Scotiabank Theatre Scotiabank 4
Fri, Sep 12 4:30pm Elgin/Winter Garden Theatres 

THE FACE OF AN ANGEL — masters — trailer
dir: Michael Winterbottom (The Killer Inside Me, 24 Hour Party People) / UK / World Premiere / 100min

Why are we fascinated by murder? Inspired by the killing of British student Meredith Kercher in Italy, this film looks beyond the salacious headlines to explore both the media and the public’s obsession with violent stories, whether fictional or real. Starring Daniel Brühl, Kate Beckinsale, Valerio Mastandrea and Cara Delevingne.

why: Fascinating subject matter, to me anyways.
why not: Winterbottom’s output is extremely divisive – people passionately love or hate his work.

Sat, Sep 6 8:00pm Elgin/Winter Garden Theatres SUB, PREMIUM
Mon, Sep 8 12:15pm TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 1 SUB
Sun, Sep 14 9:15am TIFF Bell Lightbox Cinema 2 SUB